1. General

The Thematic Network for Ultraviolet Measurements arranged its first workshop in Espoo, Finland on March 2 and 3, 1998. The participants of the first workshop are listed in Annex 1 of this report.

2. Presentations

Nineteen oral presentations were given to form the state-of-art review in UV measurements, and to high-light the existing problems in the field. The following presentations were given:

2.1. Industrial UV Applications and Measurements

(Chair: Erkki Ikonen, Helsinki University of Technology)

2.1.1. Measurement of Intense UV-C radiation (Wolfgang Heering, Lichttechnisches Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, Germany)

2.1.2. Proposal for Industrial UV-Radiometry (Anton Gugg-Helminger, Gigahertz-Optik, Germany)

2.1.3. The SPECTRO320D-A Fast Scanning Spectroradiometer Based on a Novel Double Monochromator Design (Erich Obermeyer and Richard Distl, Instrument Systems, Germany)

2.1.4. UV Radiometry and Calibration in Non-Destructive Testing (Stuart Quinn, Paul Hutchins, Iain A. Gray, and Glenn C. Tyrrell, Levy Hill Laboratories Ltd., UK)

2.2. Measurement Standards and Calibration Methods

(Chair: Jan C. Petersen, Danish Institute for Fundamental Metrology)

2.2.1. New Developments in Ultraviolet Measurement at NPL (Bill Hartree and Nigel P. Fox, National Physical Laboratory, UK)

2.2.2. Radiometric Standards of the PTB (Werner Möller, Klaus Stock, and Jürgen Metzdorf, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany)

2.2.3. Monochromator-based cryogenic radiometry at NMi-VSL (Charles A. Schrama, Nederlands Meetinstitut - van Swinden Laboratorium, The Netherlands)

2.2.4. Establishment of a facility for the absolute calibration of broadband detectors (Alkiviadis Bais, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece)

2.2.5. Stability and quantum efficiency of a novel type of a-Si:H/a-SiC:H Based UV Detector (Pietro Mandracci and Maria Luisa Rastello, Instituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris, Italy)

2.2.6. A Portable Lamp Unit for UV-Instrument Inter-comparisons (Ulf Wester, Swedish Radiation Protection Institute, Sweden)

2.2.7. Detector Based Calibration of Solar UV Radiometers (Kari Jokela, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, STUK, Finland)

2.3. Solar UV Measurements

(Chair: Trond Svenøe, Norvegian Institute for Air Research)

2.3.1. Current Needs for Solar UV Spectroradiometry (Günther Seckmeyer, Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental Atmospheric Research, Germany)

2.3.2. Solar UV Monitoring by BfS/UBA, Improved QA/QC With Newly Developed Calibration Units (Manfred Steinmetz, H. Sandmann, M. Wallasch, and O. Scheel, Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Institut für Strahlenhygiene, Germany)

2.3.3. A Multi-channel UV-B Spectrometer (Christian Groß, Thomas Hanken, and Helmut Tüg, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Bremerhaven, Germany)

2.3.4. An Improved Diffuser for Global UV Irradiance Measurements (Mario Blumthaler and Josef Schreder, University Innsbruck, Institute of Medical Physics, Austria)

2.3.5. Sensors for Measurements of Atmospheric UV Radiation (Volker Thiermann, Scintec Atmosphärenmesstechnik, Germany)

2.4. UV Measurements Related to Health and Safety

(Chair: Maila Hietanen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health)

2.4.1. Ultraviolet Radiation Measurement in Medicine (Harry Moseley, University of Dundee, Photobiology & Medical Physics, UK)

2.4.2. Type-testing of sun tanning devices (Merete Hannevik and Bjørn Johnsen, National Radiation Protection Authority, Norway)

2.4.3. Measurement of The Erythemal Effective Dose caused by UV-B and UV-A with a Detection film (biochip VioSpor®) (Hans Holtschmidt, BioSense, Laboratory for Biosensory Systems, Germany)

In addition, 20 posters were presented, and 4 excursions were arranged. The excursions took place at the Measurement observatory of the Finnish Meteorological Institute in Jokioinen, Helsinki University of Technology in Espoo, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, STUK, in Helsinki, and the Finnish Institute for Occupational Health in Helsinki.

3. Formation of the working groups

Four key issues within the UV measurement problems were found out. Four working groups were formed to study these problems, and suitable experts were assigned to act as leaders of the working groups. The subjects, leaders and numbers of participants of the working groups are presented in the following table. Members of the working groups are listed in Annex 2.

	Working group 1	Working group 2	Working group 3	Working group 4
Subject	Guidance for UV power meter classification for particular applications	Improvement of measurement and calibration methods for spectrally resolved UV measurements	Improvement of measurement and calibration methods for spectrally weighted UV measurements	UV Measurements related to health and safety
Leader	Anton Gugg-Helminger, Gigahertz-Optik (Germany)	Jürgen Metzdorf, PTB (Germany)	Nigel Fox, NPL (UK)	Harry Moseley, University of Dundee (Scotland)
Participants	17	33	30	22

Working group 1 is carrying out preparatory work to establish a standard on classification of broadband UV meters used in industry. Currently, there are no methods or standards for this task, which makes it impossible to compare the properties of UV meters of different manufacturers.

Working groups 2 and 3 will carry out surveys on the problems that the participants encounter in making spectrally resolved and spectrally weighted UV measurements. The work of these groups will result in recommendations of good measurement practices within these areas.

Working group 4 is first preparing guidelines for applying European Standards for type-testing of sun tanning devices. It has been found out that the requirements for CE marking of these devices are not unambiguous if present standards are applied. This may lead to health hazards.

Between workshops, the working groups are operating mainly by exchanging E-mails and faxes. The results and progress of the working groups are presented in the workshops.

3. Establishment of a steering group

It was decided that the coordinator with the leaders of the four working groups will form a steering group for the network. This steering group will make decisions on various practical items of the network, as described below.

4. Selection of new participants

The principles for selecting new participants to the workshops were agreed. The maximum number of participants was limited to 100. The first priority will be given to new participants from countries with few or no participants at all.

The possible new participants will be evaluated by the steering group of the network, which has the authority to select a new participant. So far, 5 organisations have indicated possible interest in joining the network. Two of these are from countries, where there are no previous participants (Belgium and France).

With Commission's agreement, the selected new participants may be financed for their travel expenses. Some participants could not attend the first workshop which resulted in savings of approximately 10.000 ECU. In addition, one participant has withdrawn. The savings would allow financing of 5 new participants for the forthcoming three workshops.

5. Training courses

The training courses will be arranged by NPL, UK. It was decided that the courses will be aimed for industrial technicians and for scientists new to the field. The training courses are planned for years 1999 and 2000.

The courses will be kept at quite basic level. Both theoretical and practical issues will be covered, including e.g. basic radiometry, instrumentation, calibration techniques, measurement practice and uncertainty evaluation.

6. Themes and schedule for the further workshops

There was a discussion about the possible themes for the further workshops. The following themes were suggested and supported:

• Uncertainty evaluation in UV measurements,
• UV detectors: Performance and procedures,
• UV sources,
• Solar UV measurements,
• Materials testing,
• Control of photochemical processes,
• Personal UV dosimetry,
• Action spectra,
• Healthcare and consumer safety, and
• Radiometry in biological measurements.

The themes for the workshops will be selected by the steering group of the network. Workshops may also be devoted to several themes.

The schedule for the forthcoming workshops was agreed and confirmed:

• The second workshop will be arranged by PTB in Braunschweig , Germany on November 9-10, 1998.
• The third workshop will be arranged by NPL in Teddington, UK, in September 1999.
• The fourth workshop will be arranged by SP in Gothenburg, Sweden, in September 2000.

The workshops will include scientific presentations on agreed themes, parallel sessions of the working groups, and presentations on the progress of the working groups. Presentations on plans and results of UV related research projects will also be given. Two such themes have already been preliminarily agreed:

• In the second workshop at PTB, a new EU project "Improving the accuracy of ultraviolet radiation measurements" will be presented. The workshop will be used to disseminate information on the project and to gather ideas/problems from the user community. The progress and results of the project will also be presented in the fourth workshop.
• The fourth workshop will be a joint workshop with Euromet project 437 "Evaluation of the radiometric performance of UV photodetectors." The results of the Euromet project will be presented. Other presentations will be selected to support the theme. The coordinator of Euromet 437 has also asked to present progress of the project in the second workshop.

7. Cost statements

It was agreed that the organisations, who are paid for work for the network (most national contact persons and the working group leaders), will receive their financing according to the usual procedure of EU-projects: They will first receive 40% of their total costs. Cost statements are made once a year, first one in November 1998. More money will be paid according to the contract, as the operation of the network proceeds. These organisations include:

• Danish Institute of Fundamental Metrology,
• Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt,
• Gigahertz-Optik Vertriebsgesellschaft für Technische Optik mbH,
• Nederlands Meetinstituut B.V.,
• Norwegian Metrology and Accreditation Service,
• Swedish National Testing and Research Institute LTD,
• NPL Management LTD, and
• University of Dundee.

For other organisations, whose costs only consist of travel expenses, the true travel expenses (up to the limit agreed in the contract) will be reimbursed after each workshop. For reimbursement of travel expenses, a cost statement is required. The deadline for the cost statements concerning the first workshop was agreed to be April 3, 1998.

8. Consortium agreement

The need for signing a consortium agreement between the participants was discussed. A consortium agreement will be made. Drafts of the agreement will be circulated before the November 1998 workshop.

9. Extended abstracts

The extended abstracts of the presentations given in the first workshop will be published in the first newsletter of the network. It was decided that the maximum word count of the extended abstracts is 600. The deadline for submitting the texts was agreed to be April 30, 1998.

10. WWW-pages

The WWW-pages of the network will be opened in January 1999. The following items were suggested to be included in the pages:

• General information about the network and the working groups,
• Contact information for the participants, including postal and E-mail addresses, and links to WWW-pages,
• Mailing lists for the working groups,
• Information on new developments in UV radiometry,
• Progress reports,
• Newsletters,
• News-groups for the working groups,
• Ways of collecting input from industry and other interested parties,
• Information about forthcoming events like workshops. Also events arranged by other parties than the network,
• Ideas and questions.

The coordinator will include as many of the suggested items to the WWW-pages as possible.

11. Newsletter

During the operation of the network, five newsletters will be issued. The preliminary publication dates are 9/1998, 3/1999, 7/1999, 1/2000, 7/2000. The newsletters will be sent to all participants of the network and the scientific officer in the Commission responsible for the network.

The contents of the newsletter will include:

• Information about forthcoming events,
• Minutes of the arranged workshops,
• Scientific and technical articles,
• Information about events organised by other parties,
• References to interesting events, books, articles etc. in the field of UV radiometry.

Newsletter No 1 will include:

• Minutes of the first workshop,
• Extended abstracts of the presentations given in the first workshop, forming a state-of-art review,
• Information about the second workshop to be held in Braunschweig, November 1998.
  

Signed in Espoo, June 5, 1998
Petri Kärhä
Technical secretary of the network

Annex 1: List of participants of the first workshop

Annex 2: members of the working groups

Working group 1

Guidance for UV power meter classification for particular applications

1. Director Anton Gugg-Helminger, Gigahertz-Optik Vertriebsgesellschaft für Technische Optik mbH, Germany (leader of the working group)
2. Dr. Helmut Tüg, Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung, Germany
3. Mr. Günter Ott, Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany
4. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Heering, Universität Karlsruhe, Germany
5. Dr. Armin Sperling, OMTec Gesellschaft für optische Messsysteme mbH, Germany
6. Dr. Volker Thiermann, Scintec Atmosphärenmesstechnik GmbH, Germany
7. Dr. Charles A. Schrama, Nederlands Meetinstituut B.V., The Netherlands
8. Dr. Antonio Corrons Rodríguez, Instituto De Fisica Aplicada (C.S.I.C.), Spain
9. Dr. Bill Hartree, NPL Management LTD, United Kingdom
10. Dr. Glenn C. Tyrrell, Levy Hill Laboratories ltd., United Kingdom
11. Dr. Petri Kärhä, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
12. Mr. Atte Haapalinna, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
13. Mr. Eike Krochmann, PRC Krochmann GmbH, Germany
14. Dr. Nigel Fox, NPL Management LTD, United Kingdom
15. Mr. Mike Clark, Bentham Instruments ltd., United Kingdom
16. Mr. Stephen Hartwell, Unicam UV/VIS Spectrometry, United Kingdom
17. Mr. Thomas Hanken, iSiTEC, Germany

Working group 2

Improvement of measurement and calibration methods for spectrally resolved UV measurements

1. Prof. Dr. Jürgen Metzdorf, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany (leader of the working group)
2. Prof. Kari Jokela, Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Finland
3. Mr. Tapani Koskela, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Finland
4. Dr. Mario Blumthaler, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Austria
5. Dr. Helmut Tüg, Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung, Germany
6. Dr. Manfred Steinmetz, Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Germany
7. Dr. Harald K. Seidlitz, GSF-Forschungszentrum fuer Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH, Germany
8. Mr. Erich Obermeier, Instrument Systems GmbH, Germany
9. Dr. Alkiviadis Bais, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
10. Dr. Charles A. Schrama, Nederlands Meetinstituut B.V., The Netherlands
11. Mr. Trond Svenøe, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Norway
12. Dr. Antonio Corrons Rodríguez, Instituto De Fisica Aplicada (C.S.I.C.), Spain
13. Mr. Leif Liedquist, Swedish National Testing and Research Institute LTD, Sweden
14. Mr. Weine Josefsson, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Sweden
15. Dr. Bill Hartree, NPL Management LTD, United Kingdom
16. Mr. Geoff Hammond, Bentham Instruments ltd., United Kingdom
17. Mr. Andrew Page, Cathodeon ltd., United Kingdom
18. Dr. Petri Kärhä, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
19. Mr. Pasi Toivanen, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
20. Mr. Lasse Ylianttila, Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Finland
21. Mr. Patrick von Nandelstadh, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland
22. Dr. Werner Möller, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany
23. Dr. Christian Gross, Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung, Germany
24. Prof. Otto Schrems, Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung, Germany
25. Mr. Richard Distl, Instrument Systems GmbH, Germany
26. Mr. Volker Bentlage, OMTec Gesellschaft für optische Messsysteme mbH, Germany
27. Dr. Henk A. J. M. Reinen, National Institute of Public Health and the Environmental protection, The Netherlands
28. Mr. Bo Carlsson, Swedish National Testing and Research Institute LTD, Sweden
29. Mr. Kjell-Åke Anderson, Swedish National Testing and Research Institute LTD, Sweden
30. Dr. Nigel Fox, NPL Management LTD, United Kingdom
31. Mr. Stephen Hartwell, Unicam UV/VIS Spectrometry, United Kingdom
32. Dr. Richard Morley, Macam Photometrics ltd., United Kingdom
33. Mr. Thomas Hanken, iSiTEC, Germany

Working group 3

Improvement of measurement and calibration methods for spectrally weighted UV measurements

1. Dr. Nigel Fox, NPL Management LTD, United Kingdom (leader of the working group)
2. Prof. Erkki Ikonen, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
3. Prof. Kari Jokela, Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Finland
4. Mr. Tapani Koskela, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Finland
5. Dr. Mario Blumthaler, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Austria
6. Prof. Dr. Jürgen Metzdorf, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany
7. Dr. Hans Holtschmidt, BioSense, Laboratory for Biosensory Systems GbR, Germany
8. Director Anton Gugg-Helminger, Gigahertz-Optik Vertriebsgesellschaft für Technische Optik mbH, Germany
9. Dr. Harald K. Seidlitz, GSF-Forschungszentrum fuer Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH, Germany
10. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Heering, Universität Karlsruhe, Germany
11. Dr. Armin Sperling, OMTec Gesellschaft für optische Messsysteme mbH, Germany
12. Dr. Alkiviadis Bais, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
13. Dr. Charles A. Schrama, Nederlands Meetinstituut B.V., The Netherlands
14. Dr. Cecilia Futsæther, Agricultural University of Norway, Norway
15. Dr. Jon Børre Ørbæk, Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway
16. Mr. Bjørn Johnsen, Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Norway
17. Dr. Antonio Corrons Rodríguez, Instituto De Fisica Aplicada (C.S.I.C.), Spain
18. Mr. Geoff Hammond, Bentham Instruments ltd., United Kingdom
19. Mr. Andrew Page, Cathodeon ltd., United Kingdom
20. Dr. Glenn C. Tyrrell, Levy Hill Laboratories ltd., United Kingdom
21. Mr. Christopher Maclellan, Macam Photometrics ltd., United Kingdom
22. Mr. Farshid Manoochehri, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
23. Mr. Lasse Ylianttila, Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Finland
24. Mr. Reijo Visuri, Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Finland
25. Dr. Saad El Naggar, Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung, Germany
26. Prof. Otto Schrems, Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung, Germany
27. Dr. Lothar Quintern, BioSense, Laboratory for Biosensory Systems GbR, Germany
28. Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Krings, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forshung e.V., Germany
29. Dr. Henk A. J. M. Reinen, National Institute of Public Health and the Environmental protection, The Netherlands
30. Mr. Stephen Hartwell, Unicam UV/VIS Spectrometry, United Kingdom

Working group 4

UV Measurements related to health and safety

1. Dr. Harry Moseley, University of Dundee, United Kingdom (leader of the working group)
2. Prof. Erkki Ikonen, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
3. Dr. Maila Hietanen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland
4. Mr. Lars Lundgreen Larsen, Delta Danish Electronics, Light & Acoustics, Denmark
5. Dr. Manfred Steinmetz, Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Germany
6. Dr. Hans Holtschmidt, BioSense, Laboratory for Biosensory Systems GbR, Germany
7. Dr. Maria Luisa Rastello, Instituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris, Italy
8. Drs. Anton Bouman, Philips Lighting B.V., The Netherlands
9. Dr. Gunnar Brunborg, National Institute of Public Health, Norway
10. Mr. Bjørn Johnsen, Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Norway
11. Mr. Ulf Wester, Swedish Radiation Protection Institute (Statens strålskyddsinstitut), Sweden
12. Dr. Glenn C. Tyrrell, Levy Hill Laboratories ltd., United Kingdom
13. Mr. Reijo Visuri, Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Finland
14. Mrs. Laura Huurto, Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Finland
15. Dr. Saad El Naggar, Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung, Germany
16. Dr. Lothar Quintern, BioSense, Laboratory for Biosensory Systems GbR, Germany
17. Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Krings, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forshung e.V., Germany
18. Mr. Volker Bentlage, OMTec Gesellschaft für optische Messsysteme mbH, Germany
19. Mrs. Merete Hannevik, Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Norway
20. Dr. Nigel Fox, NPL Management LTD, United Kingdom
21. Mr. Mike Clark, Bentham Instruments ltd., United Kingdom
22. Dr. Jean Gaudemer, Laboratoire National D'Essais, France