Thematic Network for Ultraviolet Measurements
EU Contract No SMT4-CT97-7510 (DG 12 - EGAA)
Second Annual Report
January 2000
Contents
1. GENERAL
*2. PROGRESS
*2.1. Third Workshop
*2.2. WWW-Pages
*2.3. Newsletter
*2.4. Training Course 1
*2.5. Training Course 2
*2.6. Financial Status
*3. CONTRIBUTION OF THE PARTICIPANTS
*4. ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE WORKING GROUPS
*4.1. Working Group 1: Guidance for UV Power Meter Classification for Particular Applications
*4.2. Working Group 2: Improvement of Measurement and Calibration Methods for Spectrally Resolved UV Measurements
*4.3. Working Group 3: Improvement of Measurement and Calibration Methods for Spectrally Weighted UV Measurements
*4.4. Working Group 4: UV Measurements Related to Health and Safety
*5. REPORT ON THE FIRST TRAINING COURSE
*6. PROJECT EVALUATION
*7. MILESTONES
*Annex 1: Contribution of the participants to the operation of the Network
Annex 2: Participants of the Training Course
Annex 3: Minutes of the third Workshop
The Thematic Network for Ultraviolet Measurements started its operation on 15th of November 1997. This is the second annual report of the Network, describing its progress during period 15/11/1998-14/11/1999.
The third Workshop was arranged in Teddington (London) on September 8-10, 1999 by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL). The number of participants of the Workshop was 51. The minutes of the Workshop, including the list of participants, are included as an Annex in this report.
The WWW-pages of the Network (http://metrology.hut.fi/uvnet/) have been finalised during 1999. The visual appearance of the pages has been improved significantly. In future, only updating of the pages on a regular basis is needed.
During the reporting period, two Newsletters (UVNEWS) were published. The second UVNEWS was issued in March 1999. This issue reported on the progress of the second Workshop held in Braunschweig and announced the third Workshop to be held in Teddington. The third UVNEWS was issued in July 1999. The third UVNEWS included the final programme of the Teddington Workshop with the abstracts of the presentations. Also announcement for the training course was published. The circulation of UVNEWS is presently 164.
The first training course was arranged at NPL in Teddington, on September 6-8, 1999. A detailed report is given in section 5 of this report.
The date and place of the second training course have been fixed. The training course will be arranged in Innsbruck, Austria on May 4-5, 2000. Dr. Mario Blumthaler at the University of Innsbruck will handle the local arrangements.
According to the first and second cost statements, the Network has used 254.955,35 ECU of the allocated 379.930 ECU (67 %). The costs of the last year have been budgeted to be approximately the same as the costs of the first and second year. Therefore, the project is exactly in its budget.
Some participants have not been able to attend the Workshops, which has resulted in financial savings. These savings have been allocated in the following areas:
Savings have also been allocated to cover the costs of invited guests in the Workshops. Invited guests are persons whose attendance has been considered important for the Network, e.g. specialists in a certain measurement area. Invited guests and their expenses covered so far:
A number of other guests have been invited as well, but they have volunteered to cover their own expenses.
3. CONTRIBUTION OF THE PARTICIPANTS
The contribution of the participants in the operation of the Network has been given in Annex 1. In addition:
The steering group was set at the first Workshop to make decisions on practical matters of the Network.
4. ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE WORKING GROUPS
4.1. Working Group 1: Guidance for UV Power Meter Classification for Particular Applications
This Group will concentrate on making an international proposal for characterising of UV-meters.
4.1.1 Aim
To produce a proposal which could be accepted, or parts of it, by other committees that are working on similar regulations.
4.1.2 State of the art
There is no general accepted regulation for characterising UV-meters in the world.
To achieve its aim, WG1 has been working on getting information from the other working groups in the world, which are also working on drafts for this topic.
We are in contact with
We want to find a consensus view on the above ideas and to make our own proposal for industrial UV-radiometry.
4.1.3. Actions taken
We took part at meetings from FNL 7.5; CIE TC2-47, Berufsgenossenschaft Fachausschuss Elektrotechnik and of course the meeting in Teddington last September.
We got inputs from the WMO SAG,
The most important contact from other groups was with the CIE TC2-47 Group. This group prepares a document within the CIE similar to our WG. They are at the beginning of their work and informed us, that our work covers half of their work and they will use our work within the CIE.
The members gave feedback via e-mail, fax and phone. All this feedback was established in the additional revised 1. Draft which was discussed in Teddington. There we discussed all the open points, and found members to solve these points.
4.1.4 Status of the document "Characterising the performance of integral measuring UV-meters"
Additional Revised 1. Draft was released on 15.08.99 ("UV_Char 990814.doc"). The Draft was discussed in Teddington and is currently under final stage of modifications.
4.1.5. Plans for the future work
We plan to finish our work of the draft in middle of 2000 and will have a final paper at the last meeting in September 2000.
We will inform all other groups of this paper to get it known all around the world.
Reported by Anton Gugg-Helminger, January 08 2000
4.2.1. Objectives
The objectives of WG 2 that have not been changed are:
4.2.2. Background
The total field of non-coherent UV spectroradiometry and spectrophotometry that could be covered by the objectives of the WG2 is very large:
Calibration of detectors, spectroradiometers, sources (lamps), reflection standards and filters; characterisation/testing of detectors, sources, optical instruments, components, materials and surfaces.
Therefore, WG2 concentrates its activities on specific problems and needs of mutual interest that have been identified based on the replies to the questionnaires and on the discussion at the meetings during the Workshops in November 1998 and September 1999. The following three areas of activity and mutual interest to several WG2 members may be distinguished according to the different actions to be taken:
(i) Calibration problems due to imperfections or lack of UV standards (sources, detectors, filters) and UV spectroradiometers (hardware problems) including characterisation of these devices.
(ii) Calibration problems due to imperfect or missing calibration and measurement methods including poor degree of equivalence of national measurement standards maintained and disseminated by different NMIs.
(iii) Uncertainty evaluation.
4.2.3. Actions taken
Based on the replies to the questionnaires, the discussions at the two meetings and the contributions made by some volunteering members, the following activities have been identified:
(i) A list/matrix of parameters and features specifying inadequate performance and/or lack of standards, components and instruments is being collected and should be supplemented by short descriptions and some references where possible. A first draft has been presented and discussed at the second meeting in September 1999 and will be supplemented, corrected and improved by exchanging e-mail messages. In addition, some specific development projects have been stimulated and influenced, respectively. The WG2 members concerned have been encouraged to present results or status reports by the last Workshop in September 2000.
(ii) Only a limited list of calibration problems that were found to be most pressing by the members can be considered by WG2.
The large differences between standards of UV spectral irradiance calibrated by different NMIs cause big problems both for industrial laboratories and for institutes involved in solar UV monitoring. However, the users of these calibrated standard lamps have to wait for the results of the respective key comparisons presently carried out above 250 nm with NPL acting as pilot laboratory. The range between 200 nm and 400 nm will be covered by a future key comparison with the PTB acting as pilot laboratory.
It has again turned out that the preparation of reports (of a first draft at least), carrying out of development projects and publishing of results require volunteering WG members. Thus, volunteers studying and reporting on the following calibration problems have been found:
- Improvement of a calibration chain from black-body sources as primary standards to the working standards in a UV monitoring Network including the calibration of UV spectroradiometers for field measurements.
- Array spectroradiometry applied especially for the calibration of UV sources.
- Total (4 p ) UV spectral radiant power measurements in industrial laboratories and NMIs considering use of both gonioradiometer and integrating sphere.
- Collection of knowledge and experience of UV filters.
- Work instructions for the calibration and use of radiometric UV standards.
In addition, WG2 refers to recent and future quality control and assurance (QC/QA) activities of the WMO in the field of solar UV monitoring.
(iii) Two examples of uncertainty evaluation starting with a draft report should be supported by comments and supplements from other WG2 members.
4.2.4. Progress
Projects and reports included in the WG2 activities that have been identified in accordance with the input of the working group members cannot cover the whole range of UV spectroradiometry and spectrophotometry.
The following development projects influenced by WG2 activities and discussions are known to be in progress and results (status reports) shall be presented and discussed or published by the last Workshop in September 2000. In some cases, first results and concepts have been presented at the third Workshop in September 1999. It is noted that development and test of hardware and methods influencing each other are often combined.
- Improvements of a calibration chain from black-body source to different working standards of spectral irradiance are under way in order to reduce uncertainties and improve (speed up) calibration procedures. Development and test of a new detector-stabilized deuterium lamp system as a transfer and reference standard of UV spectral irradiance will also belong to these activities. There is also a new offer by the industry to develop a special UV standard source if exact requirements and reasonable demand can be given and defined by the thematic Network.
- Several projects should be useful to improve solar UV monitoring capabilities: Development and test of a special UV spectroradiometer for outdoor use; development of portable UV calibrator and monitor system for the (re-)calibration of UV spectroradiometers in the field based on a 200 W tungsten halogen lamp in a housing and optionally with detector stabilisation; comparison of different methods for the calibration transfer from horizontal (indoor) to vertical (outdoor) optical axis.
- Gonioradiometer-based test measurements of total (4 p ) UV spectral radiant power carried out at an NMI and comparison with respective integrating sphere-based measurements performed at an industrial laboratory.
Draft reports have been written or are in progress in connection with the above-mentioned projects and on the following subjects.
- Notes and suggestions on "best practice" for operation of deuterium lamps as standard sources for UV spectroradiometry including the improvement of reproducibility (switch-on repeatability); this report should by very useful in connection with the above-mentioned project detector stabilisation of a deuterium lamp system.
- Report on array spectroradiometry for the calibration of pulsed UV sources combined with the identification of industrial applications of pulsed UV radiation and types of UV sources used.
- As a typical example of work instructions considering also QC/QA requirements, a manual for the calibration, operation and handling of a UV standard lamp is being prepared and will be presented to the WG2 members to comment on the draft.
- A collection of knowledge and experience about UV filters has been started after the last meeting in order to report on the variety of UV filters used, the measurement of transmittance including stray radiation problems and experience about ageing of the filters.
- Reports on examples of uncertainty evaluation are concentrated on the calibration of standard lamps of spectral irradiance and on the calibration of standard detectors (the latter in connection with a SMT/EUROMET project).
4.2.5. Plans for the future work
The next and final WG2 meeting will take place during the last Workshop in September 2000.
Future work includes the completion of and feedback on the draft reports on the subjects and projects described above. (Status) reports presenting results of the above-mentioned projects that will be provided for the final report of the WG2 should be presented to the WG2 members by e-mail messages before the last meeting. WG2 members are encouraged once more to discuss and comment their own and the above-mentioned problems via e-mail messages. Moreover, it will be useful and adequate in many cases to refer to publications and other reports.
Reported by Jürgen Metzdorf, November 30, 1999
4.3.1. Objectives
The objectives of this Working Group are:
1. To make use of the user requirements developed in WG1
2. To determine the current best practise, and
3. To develop/recommend best techniques for the calibration of spectrally weighted UV measurements as a function of accuracy/application.
This will culminate in the production of an appendix to the document produced by WG1 which will help those making measurements or suppliers of equipment to identify sources of uncertainty relevant to their application and an appropriate method to assess its level
4.3.2. Background
The aim of this working group is to draw together problems and requirements from a range of technical areas and hopefully bring together solutions/ best-measurement practise from one technical area into another. It is clear that at the start of this exercise interaction between groups is relatively poor. It is also true that some technical disciplines are more advanced than others (notably solar UV monitoring) but also that the demands of some are not as critical.
The main aim at the start of the project was to get together a pool of information as to what is known and what is perceived to be known with the aim of linking it together in a document which then provides readers with links to the current state-of-the-art in terms of measurement/characterisation for their particular measurement application. However, an important goal in this is to ensure that the selected solution is only at a level required by the application and does make the application economically non-viable.
4.3.3. Methodology
The group has so far carried out its activities through a process of questionnaires and discussion at a meeting of the second and third Workshop. This process has sought to identify:
4.3.4. Progress
A significant baseline of knowledge has been procured as to the underpinning requirements although there are still some gaps in the knowledge base particularly for dosimetry applications although efforts are being made to identify inputs to this. A brainstorming and refining exercise was carried out at the last Workshop identifying more than 30 sources of error and typically 2 to 3 different characterisation methods for each error source. The WG is currently refining this data through Email interaction with a view to producing a draft document in the summer of 2000. This document will be produced which will identify all potential sources of error and review potential calibration/characterisation methods. This document will then be discussed in a joint session of the WG1 and WG3 at the fourth Workshop in Sweden.
4.3.5. Future
Ultimately It is intended that the document in its final form will be published and be available widely probably linked or incorporated in the document being developed through WG1. Similarly, the document is likely to involve inputs from WG4. During the next period a first draft is intended to be produced.
Reported by Nigel Fox, December 15, 1999
4.4. Working Group 4: UV Measurements Related to Health and Safety
4.4.1. Aim
The aim is to provide practical advice on suitable measurement techniques in health and safety aspects of ultra-violet radiation with respect to artificial tanning units.
4.4.2. Background
There are known hazards caused by exposure to UV radiation. Also, its use in medicine is potentially beneficial. Recently, there have been widespread concerns over the safety of sunbeds and also uncertainty on appropriate measurement techniques. For these reasons, WG4 has focused on this area.
4.4.3. Actions taken
The working group was formulated at the first meeting of the Network in Espoo, Finland 2-3 March 1998, and subsequently met in Braunschweig, Germany 9-11 November 1998 and Teddington, England 8-10 September 1999. As in previous years, considerable communication has taken place by E-mail. Following its initial decision to concentrate on sunbeds, consideration has been given to producing an agreed methodology appropriate for measuring UV from an artificial tanning unit.
4.4.4. Progress
Over the last 12 months, progress has taken place in key areas:
1. Sunbed Database
A database is being formed containing National Regulations, Standards & Guidelines, Results of Scientific Studies, Epidemiology Data, News Items, Consumer Reports.
2. European Standard
An agreed measurement protocol is in hand to ensure uniformity in interpretation.
3. Replacement Lamps
Help is being prepared on suitable replacement lamps to give assistance to the sunbed operator and for user safety.
4. Measuring Device
A specification is being drawn up on a suitable device that can be used to monitor sunbeds on-site.
4.4.5. Plans for the future work
The working group will seek to deliver outcomes in respect of a Sunbed Database, Agreed Measurement Protocol Regarding the European Standard, Advice on Suitable Replacement Lamps, Specification of a Measuring Device for On-site Use.
Reported by Harry Moseley, November 17, 1999
5. REPORT ON THE FIRST TRAINING COURSE
The training course on UV measurement was held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, on September 6-7, 1999.
A total of 24 people applied to attend the Course, although two people were forced to cancel immediately prior to the date (list of participants is enclosed as Annex 2). This attendance was somewhat lower than anticipated. The reasons for this are not clear, although much wider publicity would certainly have helped. Unfortunately, no funding for publicity was available - perhaps an oversight in the project proposal. While NPL has great experience of publicising such courses within the UK, a much greater effort is required for publicity covering the whole of the EU. Nevertheless, information on the Course was in some cases disseminated very widely, as indicated by the attendance of four people from outside the EU, together with further expressions of interest from the USA.
It has been decided to hold the next run of the Course in Innsbruck on May 4-5, 2000. This will be basically a repeat of the first course, although some alterations in content would be beneficial, and these are suggested below.
The course consisted of a series of twelve lectures spread over two days, followed by a further half day of visits to relevant labs at the NPL. The broad content of the course had been determined to a considerable extent during discussions at the First Workshop of the EU Thematic Network in Helsinki in 1998, while the content of individual lectures was decided by each speaker, with guidance from NPL. The first lectures covered the basics of measurement: concepts, definitions, detectors, sources, materials, broad band and spectrally resolved measurements, the treatment of uncertainty in measurement, and traceability and quality assurance. There was then a series of lectures on particular application areas: Solar UV, Health, High power measurement, and finally a lecture on new developments. A shortcoming of the programme was that it was weighted rather heavily towards health and environmental applications, rather than industrial applications. This perhaps reflects the strong representation of these former applications in the Network as a whole, and future Courses should redress the balance. A particular omission was in the area of measurement of optical properties of materials (e.g. reflectance and transmittance). This can be remedied in part for the repeat run of the Course by a change in emphasis in the lecture on optical materials.
A further area for improvement is in co-ordination between the content of different lectures. Some lecturers were repeating what others had already said. This was maybe inevitable in the first run of such a Course, and the lecturers now have copies of the Course Notes, so that they will be better able to avoid covering the same material at the second run of the Course.
Otherwise, the Course was well received. Those attending returned Course Evaluation Forms to fill in, which indicated a consistently high level of satisfaction with the Course content, presentation, and organisation.
Reported by Bill Hartree, NPL, November 17, 1999
The project was evaluated with a questionnaire distributed to all participants of the Training Course and the Workshop. 49 questionnaires were filled in and returned. Questions were asked on both the importance and the quality of the actions. A summary of the replies is given in the table below. The rating goes from 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent). Based on the results, it may be concluded that the project can be considered a success. The actions are considered both important and well organised.
Importance of actions |
||
Action |
Average |
Standard deviation |
Workshops |
4,5 |
0,6 |
Oral presentations |
3,8 |
0,9 |
Poster presentations |
3,4 |
0,8 |
Equipment exhibitions |
3,3 |
0,8 |
Working groups |
4,4 |
0,7 |
Training course |
3,9 |
0,9 |
Newsletter |
4,1 |
0,8 |
WWW-Pages |
4,2 |
0,7 |
Project as whole |
4,1 |
0,7 |
Continuation of the Network after year 2000 |
4,1 |
0,9 |
Average |
4,0 |
0,8 |
Quality of actions |
||
Action |
Average |
Standard deviation |
Workshop 1 (Espoo) |
3,8 |
0,9 |
Workshop 2 (Braunschweig) |
3,8 |
0,7 |
Workshop 3 (Teddington) |
3,8 |
0,8 |
Working groups |
||
WG 1 |
4,2 |
0,8 |
WG 2 |
3,5 |
0,8 |
WG 3 |
3,8 |
0,8 |
WG 4 |
4,0 |
0,8 |
Training course |
3,9 |
0,7 |
Content |
3,8 |
0,7 |
Administration |
4,0 |
0,6 |
Oral presentations |
3,9 |
0,6 |
Course notes |
3,8 |
0,9 |
Newsletter |
4,1 |
0,7 |
Contents |
3,9 |
0,6 |
Appearance |
4,0 |
0,7 |
WWW-Pages |
4,1 |
0,7 |
Contents |
3,9 |
0,7 |
Appearance |
4,1 |
0,7 |
Co-ordination |
4,1 |
0,7 |
Average |
3,9 |
0,7 |
Title of action |
Estimated time (Elapsed months from the beginning) |
Date of completion |
Start of the contract |
0 |
Nov 15, 1997 |
Invitations for the first Workshop |
1 |
Dec 1997 |
Agenda for the first Workshop |
3 |
Feb 1998 |
Workshop I |
4 |
March 2-3, 1998 |
First report and delivery of the detailed workplan to Commission |
6 |
May 1998 |
Newsletter No. 1 |
10 |
Sep 1998 |
Workshop II |
11 |
Nov 9-11,1998 |
First annual report to Commission |
12 |
Jan 1999 |
Network WWW pages opened |
14 |
March 4, 1999 |
Newsletter No. 2 |
16 |
March 31,1999 |
Second report to Commission |
18 |
June 15,1999 |
Newsletter No. 3 |
20 |
July 1999 |
Training course No. 1 |
23 |
Sep 6-8, 1999 |
Workshop III |
23 |
Sep 8-10, 1999 |
Second annual report to Commission |
24 |
Jan 2000 |
Newsletter No. 4 |
26 |
|
Training course No. 2 |
30 |
|
Third report to Commission |
30 |
|
Newsletter No. 5 |
34 |
|
Workshop IV |
35 |
|
Final report to Commission |
36 |
|
Signed in Espoo, January 14, 2000
Erkki Ikonen
Co-ordinator of the Network
Annex 1: Contribution of the participants to the operation of the Network
Legends: WS1, WS2, WS3 - Number of persons attending the Workshops; TC1 - Number of lecturers in Training Course 1; WG1-WG4 - Number of persons in the Working Groups; NCP - Organisation has acted as a contact person in the given country.
Participant |
WS1 |
WS2 |
WS3 |
TC1 |
WG1 |
WG2 |
WG3 |
WG4 |
NCP |
Helsinki University of Technology |
6 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
Finland |
|
STUK, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority |
4 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
|
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
||
Finnish Meteorological Institute |
4 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
||
Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
Austria |
Danish Institute of Fundamental Metrology |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
Denmark |
|
Danish Meteorological Institute |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Delta Danish Electronics, Light & Acoustics |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt |
2 |
20 |
3 |
0 |
12 |
2 |
0 |
Germany |
|
Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
||
Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
||
BioSense, Laboratory for Biosensory Systems GbR |
2 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
||
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Dortmund |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Dr. Gröbel UV-Elektronik GmbH |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forshung e.V. |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
Gigahertz-Optik Vertriebsgesellschaft für Technische Optik mbH |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
||
GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
||
Instrument Systems GmbH |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
||
Universität Karlsruhe |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
|
OMTec Gesellschaft für optische Messsysteme mbH |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Osram GmbH Berlin - München |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
||
PRC Krochmann GmbH |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Scintec Atmosphärenmesstechnik GmbH |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
Greece |
Instituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
Italy |
|
Nederlands Meetinstituut B.V. |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
Netherlands |
|
National Institute of Public Health and the Environmental protection |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
||
Philips Lighting B.V. |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
Norwegian Metrology and Accreditation Service |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
Norway |
|
Agricultural University of Norway |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
||
National Institute of Public Health |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
Norwegian Institute for Air Research |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
||
Norwegian Polar Institute |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
||
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
||
CETO-Centro de Ciências e Technologias Opticas |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Portugal |
Instituto De Fisica Aplicada (C.S.I.C.) |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
Spain |
|
Swedish National Testing and Research Institute LTD |
3 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
Sweden |
|
Swedish Radiation Protection Institute (Statens strålskyddsinstitut) |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
||
NPL Management LTD |
4 |
4 |
5 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
United Kingdom |
ABLE Instrument + Controls Ltd. |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Bentham Instruments ltd. |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
Cathodeon ltd. |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
||
Newcastle General Hospital |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Hanovia Limited |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Levy Hill Laboratories ltd. |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
The Nottingham Trent University |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
Unicam UV/VIS Spectrometry |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
||
University of Dundee |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
Macam Photometrics ltd. |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
||
Laboratoire National D'Essais |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
France |
Annex 2: Participants of the Training Course
Nro |
Name |
Organisation |
Country |
1 |
Issam Abu-kassem |
INM-BNM / CNAM |
France |
2 |
Antti Arola |
Finnish Meteorological Institute |
Finland |
3 |
Eva Bjørklund |
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority |
Norway |
4 |
Tom Cantwell |
Dublin Institute of Technology |
Ireland |
5 |
Jonathan Creasey |
Applied Scintillation Technologies |
UK |
6 |
Ralf Dreiskemper |
Heraeus Noblelight GmbH |
Germany |
7 |
Zbigniew Drozdowicz |
Oriel Instruments |
USA |
8 |
Ramin Farnood |
Trojan Technologies Inc |
Canada |
9 |
Christer Jensen |
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority |
Norway |
10 |
Bjørn Johnsen |
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority |
Norway |
11 |
Kaisa Masson |
Finnish Meteorological Institute |
Finland |
12 |
Ronald McAlpine |
Electron Tubes Ltd |
UK |
13 |
Guido Meijers |
DSM Research |
The Netherlands |
14 |
Ian Oxtoby |
Optical Test & Calibration Ltd |
UK |
15 |
G Richardson |
Anglian Water Services Ltd |
UK |
16 |
Marek Smid |
Czech Metrological Institute |
Czech Republic |
17 |
Teresa Hunt |
National Physical Laboratory |
UK |
18 |
Xuebo Huang |
Productivity and Standards Board |
Singapore |
19 |
Daniel Bos |
Netherlands Measurement Institute |
The Netherlands |
20 |
Robert McKeag |
Centronic, Ltd |
UK |
21 |
David Trotter |
Skye instrumentation |
UK |
22 |
Rick Tax |
National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection |
The Netherlands |